Son of a repressive and authoritarian father, Adolf Hitler was born in the small Austrian town of Braunau am Inn in 1889. The early death of his mother (who was extremely attached) also leaves deep wounds in his soul.
He enrolled at the Royal School of Linz, is a problematic student performance and certainly not brilliant. Difficult to integrate, to study and have a harmonious relationship with students and professors. The result of this disastrous "process" school is that in a few years leaves the institution. She
moved to Vienna looking to enter the Academy of Fine Arts, led by
certain fanciful artistic tendencies (also attested by numerous panels).
The
Academy, however, rejects it for two consecutive years, generating
considerable frustration within him, fueled by the fact that, not having
a college degree, is unable to enroll in the Faculty of Architecture,
can fall back to the noble failures in the Academy.
His psychological profile, thus, tend to be worrisome. They
are dark years, marked by, among other episodes of homelessness and
social isolation (not to mention the serious physical decay to which
this style of life he was leading). He
said it was running, ironically, in the Jewish ghettos as a ghost,
dressed in a black coat and shapeless (given to him by a friend
occasional jew) and extremely neglected appearance.
Over the years in Vienna, began to develop his hateful and obsessive anti-Semitism. To
survive, he must resign himself to make the employee, while in his
spare time discussing politics with friends and acquaintances, with a
vehemence that often leaving stunned interlocutors. His
speeches, often monologanti river and are marked by extreme decision,
points of view without shades and glorification of violence as a
solution to the problems that plague society.
In
particular, fiercely denies the Bolshevik and Marxist theories,
especially their rejection of bourgeois and capitalist values. The very mention of communism, the causes hysterics. A
hate hate it when you add discovers that among the main proponents and
popularizers of these ideas lies much of the Jewish intelligentsia. In his delirium, he begins to blame Jews for the sins most absurd. To
be internationalists and materialists (ie against the supremacy of the
national state), to enrich themselves at the expense of citizens of
other religions, to undermine the supremacy of the German race in the
Empire, etc..
In 1913 he decided to go to Monaco and in 1914, before the Council for revision in Salzburg, is reformed to poor health. When, on 1 August 1914, is the declaration of war, Hitler is not happy and even eager to participate in '"enterprise". World War I broke out then stands on the field earned numerous military awards. In 1918, however, Germany is defeated, and it throws him into despair. Shipwrecked that Empire and the victory, for which he had passionately fought for four years. It
should be pointed to a greater understanding of the causes that lead
Germany to unleash the next conflict and to understand to what extent he
was able to catch the mood of his countrymen, that this sense of
frustration and humiliation of the defeat was common all Germans of the time.
Then,
again in Monaco (the year 1919), began his political activity in its
true setting up the following year the National Socialist German Workers
Party (NSDAP). The early years were turbulent, so that following his activities stirrer is stopped. During
his imprisonment he wrote "Mein Kampf" hideous poster of his ideology,
stuffed with nationalism, racism, beliefs about the superiority of a
supposed "Aryan race", hatred of Jews, Marxists and liberals. Released from prison after only 9 months, back to the leadership of the NSDAP. The
Great Depression of 1929 allows you to Hitler and his movement to
leverage the discontent of some sections of the population exacerbated
by unemployment and social tensions. At the 1930 elections his party is increasingly more earning over a hundred seats in parliament. Meanwhile, Hitler made use of his Brown Shirts, a paramilitary organization itself, in street battles. The rise of Nazism began.
In
1932 Hitler loses the election for a few votes but the following year,
the Nazi Party is already the largest party in Germany. Hitler's consolidation of power occurs with the destruction of the enemy inside and outside the party. As
a first measure outlaws the Communist Party and arrested the main
leaders, then dissolved all political parties except the NSDAP. In
1934, famous as the bloody and terrifying "Night of Long Knives" is
eliminated by a massacre than a hundred Brownshirts, become
uncomfortable and difficult to control. The
following year he gets the absolute power proclaiming himself Führer
(supreme leader of the Third Reich), and establishing a military control
and repression of bureaucratic cruelty. At
the head of this apparatus are the infamous SS which, together with the
Gestapo (state police with full powers), established the system of
concentration camps to eliminate opponents.
The
persecution began to strike with a vengeance the Jews expelled en masse
from their jobs and working with the anti-racist laws of 1935, deprived
of German citizenship and later deported to extermination camps. In
terms of foreign policy, the program included the union of all the
Germanic tribes into one great nation with the task of colonizing Europe
and destroy the communist systems. In
light of this imperialist project, despite international agreements,
Hitler began an arms race, while simultaneously tightening a Pact of
Steel first with Mussolini and later with Japan.
In
1939 it annexed Austria with a coup still somewhat "political" (ie,
with the consent of substantially the same Austrian), while France and
England, almost stunned, still watching. With
no inhibitions and a prey to a delusion of omnipotence, invades Poland,
despite having signed a nonaggression pact shortly before then
Czechoslovakia. At
that point, the European powers, conscious of the enormous danger that
was looming, finally declared war on Germany, but now well prepared for
war, its real purpose and not at all hidden.
So bursts the so-called World War II. At
first, among other things, paradoxically holds alliance with Stalin's
Russia (the famous Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact), home of the hated
Bolsheviks. In 1940 he invaded France and De Gaulle fled to England to organize the resistance, then North Africa. The advance of Germany at this point seems unstoppable. Only
England, strengthened by a "friend" as natural as the English Channel,
which has protected it so many times in the past, still stands, and
indeed the first attempt to defeat an invasion by Hitler.
In
1941, a prey to its expansionist aims, and although he had entered into
pacts with the Soviet Union decided to invade Russia. On
the European front, Germany is also engaged in the difficult and
exhausting war with England, a real tough cookie, but strangely neglects
Hitler and overshadows this conflict. Initially then, the campaign of Russia seems favorable to him, and the victorious German advance, unstoppable. The
Russian peasants, however, implement a defensive strategy of great
intelligence, burning everything behind him pending the arrival of the
great Russian winter, knowing that the latter is true, an important
ally. Meanwhile, the U.S. unexpectedly entered the war in defense of the Russians. Germany is therefore to be attacked on two fronts, east and west by the Soviets by the Allies. In
1943 occurs the disastrous retreat from Russia, then the loss of
African territories, then the Allies landed in Normandy and liberated
France (1944). Japan was bombed with atomic weapons and forced to surrender in this way.
In 1945 the fire circle closes around Berlin. In
1945 Hitler was defeated and isolated in the Chancellery bunker where
he still attempts a vigorous defense, commits suicide after marrying his
mistress, Eva Braun (also committed suicide along with him), and wrote
his last will. Their corpses, hastily burned after being sprinkled with petrol, will be discovered by Soviet troops.
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Sunday, May 27, 2012
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